Friday, December 27, 2019

Education Has Changed The High Quality Education - 2792 Words

Background context Since early 2000s, education has gradually become one of largest service industry in Australia (Department of Education). Large number of students from all different parts of the world choose to come to Australia for its high quality education. Some of them are international students while many others are new immigrants. To be more specific, international enrolments occupied 13% of total VCE and IB (Year 11 and 12) enrolments in 2011 (VCAA, 2012) and 27% of the students are from language backgrounds other than English. This number has certainly grown over the last 4 years. It’s a clear indication that there are large number of students who are not native user of English in Victorian secondary schools. Those students came†¦show more content†¦As a result, those EAL students will struggle due to lack of understanding in the class and gradually lose their motivation to study when they compare themselves to other mainstream students. According to Fernesten (2008), EAL stu dents often fail to perceive themselves as an user of English, but instead they â€Å"reflect the conflict, struggle, and tension of differences in English†. Fernesten then further explained the term â€Å"differences in English† implies that EAL students will often compare themselves to native users of English, and have desire to gain â€Å"native-like language competence† as their goal. However their desire of achieving ‘native-like competence’ do not enhence their language ability, but instead sets a barrier between EAL students and other mainstream students as they (EAL students) see themselves being different from mainstream students and would often exclude themselves from class participation as they afraid of make mistakes in the class. This has significanrly limited their learning in the class. From the same research, Fernesten (2008) concluded that majority of EAL students â€Å"feel inferior to native user of English and see themselves as outsiders†. This will be particularly problematic for schools with large number of EAL enrolments. As a result, many schools have launched various learning support and inclusion policies to accommodate such problems. Policy Artefacts My last placement school is a prestigious

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Study Questions Act II, Scenes I II Essay - 1181 Words

Othello Study Questions: Act II, scenes i - iii Directions: Answer the following questions using COMPLETE SENTENCES. In order to get credit for a question, all portions of the question must be complete. Before turning in your responses, you will turn a copy of them in to turnitin to ensure originality. Act II, i 1. As Act II opens, what are Montano and the other gentlemen discussing? There is a wind that cause the wave become agitated. 2. Why does the 3rd gentleman declare, â€Å"News, lads! Our wars are done† (II, I, 22)? The war has been resolved by a cool incident. What has happened to the Turks? The Turkish ships are destroyed at the agitated sea. 3. In what order do the Venetians land on shore? Cassio comes firstly,then the ship of Roderigo,Iago,Desdemona,and Emilia.Othello comes lastly. What dramatic purposes are served by this rather than some other order? It can show that Desdemona was concerned to her husband. 4. Quote and cite the lines that show Montano’s opinion of Othello. Montano says: â€Å"For I have served him, and the man commands.Like a full soldier†(2.1.37-38) 5. Quote and cite the lines that show Cassio’s opinion of Desdemona. When Montano asks Cassio that is Othello married or not.Cassio replied: â€Å"he hath achieved a maid.That paragons description and wild fame;One that excels the quirks of blazoning pens,And in the essential vesture of creation,Does tire the ingener†(2.1.66-72). What might this show about his character? He does not afraid theShow MoreRelatedJames Bond1736 Words   |  7 Pagessorry I couldnt make it there yesterday, but I was not feeling well. For Monday: read Act 2 of Othello answer the study questions for Act 1 (they start with # 11, I dont know why!) Well look at the Act 2 questions during class Art: draw 2 faces following the instructions on this webpage: http://www.wikihow.com/Draw-a-Face its a lot like the other website, but also a little different, so youll get some different ideas on how to do this. STUDY QUESTIONS FOR OTHELLO Act I,Read MoreRomeo and Juliet guide questions Essay909 Words   |  4 PagesRomeo and Juliet Study Guide Questions Act I 1. In the Prologue, what does the chorus say will happen to the two lovers? 2. What does Escalus say he will do to anyone who fights in the future? 3. How does Benvolio say the fighting began? 4. According to Benvolio and Mercutio, how has Romeo been acting recently? 5. What remedy does Benvolio suggest for Romeos problem? 6. In scene 2, what does Capulet tell Paris he will have to do in order to marry Juliet? 7. Why does the servant ask RomeoRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream and Scene1024 Words   |  5 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream Study Questions ACT I, SCENE I - Due Date ____________________ 1. How is Hippolyta’s reasoning concerning how quickly the next four days will pass different from that of Theseus? 2. Why has Egeus brought his daughter and her two suitors to Theseus? What does Egeus expect him to do? 3. 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The setting of the play is stated by the prologue; â€Å"Two households, both alike in dignity, In fair Verona(where we lay our scene),†(Prologue,1-2) The play is set in a region called Verona as stated and it also states two households, both alike in dignity so the play is in houses or mainly in houses. Verona is the location of the play in two households because the prologue states it. 2

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Internet Law 3B05

Question-Differentiated services which allow for different consumer experiences of network delivery based upon paid access or similar access control provisions pose a threat to the future of internet communications.Critically evaluate this statement in the context of the EU legislative proposal on net neutrality? Introduction With regard to information infrastructure, internet can be given the title of the most successful experiments and an integrated effort of constant research and development into the information infrastructure segment (Leiner, Cerf, Kahn, Kleinrock, Lynch, Postel, Roberts and Wolff 2015). At the click of a button, information can be disseminated to millions and billions of people across the world, irrespective of their demographic conditions. That is the magic of the revolutionised platform of the World Wide Web, whom we popularly call the internet (Weitzner, 2006). If statistics were to be taken into account, almost 20% of the global internet users were said to be from Europe, according to a survey taken on June 30, 2014 by Internet World Stats. Below is the represented pie-chart of the same statistics: Figure 1: Global internet users statistics in percentage (Miniwatts Marketing Group, 2014) According to Kramer, Wiewiorra and Weinhardt (2012), with the sudden surge of the internet as the obvious platform for the broadcast of information, there has been a sudden interest of the private market players with regard to the monetization of the services of internet service providers in the near future. The right kind of legislations and action steps must be in place, in order to ensure that decisions are taken in the general interest of the public (Kramer et al, 2012). Background As obvious as the world around us seems, without the internet, no single business or academic or entertainment activities seem possible. As a matter of fact, the article has been written primarily with the dynamic facility of the internet as a search-tool medium. This present employment of internet in our daily to daily, and in fact hourly to hourly activities of mankind, has led the internet service providers to rampantly monetize the entire internet service providing activity among the masses of the European population and worldwide as such (Kramer et al, 2012). Such exponential focus on the healthy supply of internet from ISPs to the public aroused a concept called net neutrality debate, which takes into consideration the status of the internet in the coming future. The EU Legislative proposal on net neutrality was a key decision taken in, across and for the entire European countries in the late 2013 in the months of September (Meyer, 2013). The entire purpose of creating a new framework for internet service takers across the European Union was to scrape out the fragment network of internet providers which were disrupting the unified approach to taking and using internet connections. With the advent of the EU legislative proposal on net neutrality, the roaming charges were aimed to be cut down as well as to create an authentic market for telecommunications for internet users in the EU region. However, the prior requirement of being converted into a law would relate to the passing of the proposal by the European Parliament. Body European Unions legislative proposal on net neutrality In the context with the European Unions legislate proposal on net neutrality, the European Parliament has taken into consideration to impose restrictive barriers on the internet service providers (ISPs) to offer differentiated products of internet services, with the aim of targeting data-hungry consumers for generating higher revenue (BBC, 2014). The proposed legislation has still not been passed by the European Unions Council of Ministers, and comes into contradiction with other countries like USA and India which offers customers a variety of broadband and wireless data packages, therefore targeting to the individual needs of the customers and bridging up the connection between demand and supply for generating higher revenues presently and in the coming future. For instance, a company like Netflix in the USA was the highest tax paying company for offering preferential internet services to the customers of the States. The principle behind such a proposal is to ensure that all the service providers are in the practice of offering a similar product to customers, which will result in the generation of equal internet traffic. Although the net neutrality proposal would prove to be a boon for the general public otherwise, it might just as well prove to be a bane for the entertainment industries which promise the download and viewing capacity of films at a 4k super-qualitative speed, for a higher sum of revenue (BBC, 2014). With response to the suggested legislative proposal of net neutrality, a combined statement by four trade bodies of cloud data storage and telecom operators revealed that the legislation has been put forward in haste without adequate technical analysis. This could lead to the same legislation turning out to be an anti-consumer legislation, rather than in their interest, since a lot of consumer services will get disrupted with such a legislation coming into power. The current practises of the ISPs of UK revealed that they were operating their services with controlled traffic already, thereby questioning the construction of net neutralitys actual reference in the present scene (Kramer et al, 2012). However, the proposed open internet packages were being welcome by the general public and also by other internet service providers, with regard to the inference of net neutrality. The effects of European Union (EU)s legislative proposal on net neutrality The following would be the relevant various consequences once the EU legislation on net neutrality is cleared by the Parliament (Meyer, 2013). It will not be in the hands of the service providers to steal their custom, as all this was required earlier under the umbrella of the different operators, for instance, Skype. In the coming years, there shall be no existence of something called roaming charges In specific cases, the consumers might have to clear payments to certain ISPs in order to prioritize their traffic, A uniform license for one state shall act as the license for the other member States of the European Union. Another major factor is that the existing barriers to the offloading of mobile traffic onto the radio LANs shall continue to be disrupted. Broadband terms and conditions must be made clear to the target audience, thereby facilitating the decision making of users across the EU nation. Moreover, the users shall not be subjected to penalties since there are random price hikes and other things altogether. A direct impact of such an act coming into existence would be the increased bills of the consumers who demand online entertainment media. For instance, in order to download movies and watch videos/movies online, the consumer will have to bear the extra infrastructure costs which will be pushed down to them from the internet service providers (BBC, 2014). This statement was also passed by Chris Green, a technological analyst employed with Davies Murphy Group Consultancy. However, one positive implication of the European Unions proposed legislation would be the direct ban on the roaming charges while travelling in other European countries (Jurist, 2014). The concept of differentiated services Differentiated services indicate that the consumers face a mix of different internet packages across the EU states, which ranges between two extreme limits of a free open internet source and high-quality paid services. These high-quality internet services cater to the needs of consumers who are willing to pay a higher range of prices in order to accommodate their demand for much faster and smoother internet connectivity for their personal/business usage (Baker, 2015). However, one must keep in mind that the initial birth of internet services was propagated with the concept of a fair and equal availability of internet services to the worldwide consumers without any form of prejudice or bias. However, now that, European Union has pushed off the legislative proposal to implement net neutrality, internet service providers (ISPs) have a green signal to practice the supply of different internet packages in order to maximise profitability off the same. One must mark that Italy has come forward in the year 2014 (November) to express its objection on the restriction of preferential internet service supply, stating that the definition of net neutrality might stand to be at variance from different provisions (Essers, 2014). Thesis statement as to why differentiated services pose a threat to the future of internet communications Monopoly of internet service providers It is certainly evident that the supply of differentiated services of internet packages will emphasises the role of internet service providers in the community, both financially and strategically. In order to apply differentiated services practice in the market, ISPs offer two different schemes generally to the customers. First, nominal users of the internet might be offered a cut-off from the fixed charges which a heavy user pays for his unlimited data usage. This would lead to a situation where in the nominal user might have to incur additional charges for accessing several other websites, or either in the case of diminishing their fixed data packages. The other manner of violating the net neutrality practises would be to offer different Quality of Services (QoS) packages to the customers which would directly lead to creating biases of speed for the amount paid for accessing the internet services (Kramer et al 2012). Such practises come across as destructive for the future of inter net communication as; an unregulated and biased practise is definitely unfavourable for the customer who might simply switch to alternate forms of communication. The ISPs are the middle agent for the two sides of the market, one wherein the supplies of content and services (CSPs) are present, and the other would be the demand side of the consumers (integrated users IU) (Kramer et al 2012). Now both the CSPs and the IUs want to be connected to one another, and the platform for the same is created by the ISPs, thereby giving birth to the possibility of their monopoly in the coming future. The power of charging preferential rates remains in the hands of the ISPs as long as the concept of net neutrality does not come into the scene, however, once it does, it will weaken the overall capacity of ISPs to influence advertisement and content decisions. Also, in order to maximise revenue, the ISPs charge fees from the side whose value is the most. In order to support the above stated statement, various examples can be stated. For instance, the credit card companies always levy a charge on the merchant and not on the customers, or the free entry of lad ies to clubs whereas men have to bear the cost for the same. Such practises again disdain the idea of providing utmost customer satisfaction to both the parties, the CSPs and IUs, thereby creating a disorganized platform of operations. The last mile of connection There are severely high chances of monopolistic conditions in the European economy, if the proposition of differentiated internet services is to go on being practised by telecommunications companies (Jordan, 2009). The last mile of connection is synonymous to and indicative of the final delivery of internet accessibility from the provider to the consumer. At this juncture, it must be observed that the data packet has to be transferred through other service providers equipments. The consumers are generally concerned about the higher charges due to the ownership of these cable lines by the internet service providers as compared to the other ones who are rather deploying the accessibility of other ISPs (Jordan, 2009). Such reliability on the cable owners equipment accessibility might completely jeopardise the business of the content providers, as they may land up charging exorbitant rates of charges. Conclusion In the current scenario, we see that the EU has suspended the plan of net neutrality and postponed it to the next couple of months. This has given ISPs the green signal to go ahead and practice differentiated services in the internet market, therefore maximising their revenues by offering preferential data packages to customers. The initial few days of the current year of 2015 witnessed Latvia adopting the new presidential rule of the European Unions Council of Ministers, which has led to the pushing off the net neutrality ideology of the EU for a couple of months, as mutually decided upon by the European Union member states (Baker, 2015). This compromise upon the concept of net neutrality, indicating that, the European Union now will be finding a fine balance between the high quality internet services by ISPs, and a reasonable price offering for the consumers, which leads to the birth of differentiated services existence in the EU member states. The reason why differentiated services are not taken to be healthy for a coming future generation would be the high possibility of manually controlled internet environment by the major players of the industry. With context to the proposed legislation of net neutrality, differentiated product offerings by internet service providers might lead to unhealthy competition amongst different ISPs leading to higher speed in certain internet packages and a compromise over the other. Moreover, the customers who are willing to pay higher charges get benefitted, whereas the general public who are not willing to shell more money than required remained at an uncalculated disadvantage. Moreover, the structure of net neutrality suggests that all the citizens of the European Unions member states must have access to open and equal internet networks, a situation, destroyed by differentiated product offerings. References Anderson and Rainie, 'Elaborations: More Expert Responses' Baker, 'EU net neutrality: Dont worry, were now safely in the hands of Latvia' Baron-Cohen et al, '2010: How is internet changing the way you think?' (edge.org 2010) BBC, 'Net neutrality law adopted by European Parliament' Belli and Bergen, 'Protecting Human Rights through Network Neutrality: Furthering Internet Users Interest, Modernising Human Rights and Safeguarding the Open Internet' BEREC, 'Summary of BEREC positions on net neutrality' Cannella, MacDonald and Ben-Avie, 'Net Neutrality - Ending network discrimination in Europe' Donovan, 'Why the U.K. might kill the EU's net neutrality law' (dailydot.com 2014) Essers, 'EU net neutrality legislation under threat from Italian proposals, says rights group' European Commission, 'Connected Continent legislative package' Fiedler, 'Net Neutrality' (edri.org 2012) Global Economic Symposium, 'Cybercrime, Cybersecurity and the Future of the Internet' Jordan, 'Implications of Internet Architecture on Net Neutrality' (pitt.edu 2009) Jurist, 'European Parliament approves 'net neutrality' proposal' (jurist.org 2014) Kramer, Wiewiorra and Weinhardt, 'Net neutrality: A progress report' Leiner et al, 'Brief history of the internet' (internetsociety.org 2015) Miniwatts Marketing Group, 'Internet usage statistics' Meyer, 'Cheaper roaming and net neutrality: Heres what the new EU telecoms law would achieve' Meyer, 'European Parliament passes strong net neutrality law, along with major roaming reforms' NF Doherty and F Ellis-Chadwick, 'Internet retailing: the past, the present and the future' [2010] TOU 943, 965 Patel and Taneja, 'Regulation of Telecom and Electric Power: Divergent History, Common Future?' PWC, 'IP Transformation Connected Thinking' (pwc.com 2005) Rainford, 'Eurobites: Net Neutrality Battle Looms' Scott, 'Europe Takes another Look at Net Neutrality' Sen, 'Security and Privacy Issues in Cloud Computing ' Stevens, 'Regulation and consumer protection in a converging environment' Telecom Regulation (EC) 627/2013 REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL laying down measures concerning the European single market for electronic communications and to achieve a Connected Continent, and amending Directives 2002/20/EC, 2002/21/EC and 2002/22/EC and Regulations (EC) No 1211/2009 and (EU) No 531/2012 [2013] Telecom Regulation (EC) 2013/0309 Proposal for the regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down measures concerning the European single market for electronic communications and to achieve a Connected Continent, and amending Directives 2002/20/EC, 2002/21/EC and 2002/22/EC and Regulations (EC) No 1211/2009 and (EU) No 531/2012 [2013] [2013] OJ L Tyson and Crawford, 'How PCs work' Weitzner, 'The Neutral Internet: An Information Architecture for Open Societies'

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Negotiation Session

Introduction The reason why a lot of prior preparedness is done before the actual business negotiation is to ensure that there is a flow of events during the actual phase of negotiation. The main steps that are followed by the parties to the negotiation are drawn from the activities that are done prior to business negotiation, like planning and rehearsal. In this paper, the key steps and strategies that are used during the actual negotiation are discussed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiation Session specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The paper begins by bringing out the desired steps during the opening of business negotiations. This is followed by a discussion about the vital steps to be adhered to in conducting the actual negotiation. In addition, the steps that ought to be followed in closing the negotiation session are brought out in the discussion. The discussion ends with an exploration of the attribut es of a negotiation that entail a non-American partner in the negotiation. Key steps in opening a business negotiation session The opening of business negotiation is a critical step since it is the determinant of the mood and the pace that is set for the negotiation. Business negotiations often take place on formal grounds. Therefore, the first step in business negotiation is to ensure that all the parties to the negotiation are identified and introduced. It is important to engage a trained mediator to lead the negotiations owing to the fact that business negotiations are formal. This emanates from the fact that firms are highly driven by the profit motive, which can be a hitch during the negotiations and probably resulting in a stalemate. Therefore, the importance of a mediator, probably a person who has established a reputable profile in leading business negotiations, is critical. The negotiator helps is steering the process by moderating the interests on each side to attain mutua lity in terms of the objectives of each party (Lewicki Hiam, 2006). According to Cellich and Jain (2012), introduction of the parties to the negotiation is often followed by introduction of the main issue to negotiate about. Business negotiations revolve around issues like business mergers and negotiations, as well as business contracts. Therefore, comprehending the key negotiation issue is important as far as setting of the continuity of the negotiation is concerned. The parties to the negotiation have to comprehend the key negotiation issues before getting into the formal talks to help in focusing the negotiation and avoid side interests that derail the process from focusing on the main attributes of the negotiation. Each side to business negotiations come on the table with an idea of what they need to negotiate about, thus the explanation of the key issues is an emphasis on the need for the parties to draw and support their arguments based on the key issues only as they seek to secure the broader business goals and objectives from the negotiation (Cellich Jain, 2012).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The main parties to the negotiation also have to be given a chance to explain their goals and objectives as they appertain to the negotiation. This happens when each party is given a chance to present their case. This entails the explanation of the objectives of a firm, as well as what the firm is willing to give up to foster successful progression of the negotiation. The mediator can help to note down the cases for each firm so that they can be used as a point of reference in the main negotiation phase. The rules and code of conduct are rolled down in order to guide the behavior of each party as the negotiation progresses (Lewicki Hiam, 2006). Key steps in conducting a business negotiation session According to Dutta and Folden (2012), the actual nego tiations phase elicits a lot of arguments that are supported by the documented evidence that comes from the research that is done by the parties during prior stages of negotiation. Negotiations entail deployment of different persuasive tactics and techniques, most of which are based on the knowledge of each team. The first thing in the actual negotiation is definition of the relationship between the parties. The relationship between parties is founded in the attributes of business that link the goals and business interests of the parties. When the parties understand the relationship that prevails between them, it becomes easy for each party to pursue its interests with the consideration of the interests of the other party. This is vital since it helps to set apart the interests of the parties as aligned with the negotiation. The firms also understand the value of mutuality as outlined in the business objectives of each firm that is party to the negotiation. The acceptable modes of c ommunication are then outlined to guide the manner in which the parties present their cases and arguments (Cellich Jain, 2012). After setting the rules on the modalities of engagement, the negotiation progresses by focusing on the interests. The interests of each party are contained in their arguments. Each party is left to bring out its argument, from which the interests are identified. Identification of interests leads to the other critical step, which is exploration of options. This is the core part of negotiation since rationalization of issues is done as each party engages in a give and take exercise in order to propel the process towards a successful conclusion. The development of a common ground in business negotiations depends on the level at which each partner is willing to absorb the interest of the other firms as they work on modalities of ensuring that each firm gains out of the deal that is reached.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiation Ses sion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Dovetailing of each party’s business has the potential to lead to mutual gains. This is the ultimate goal of forging business negotiations. Negotiation calls for the parties to explore one issue completely and reach an agreement over the issue before progressing to the next issue. This is called successive progression (Lewicki Hiam, 2006). Key steps in closing a business negotiation session Business negotiation is a continuous process. In this sense, it is important to make substantial conclusions or agreements, which act as part of the final conclusion and agreements that will be reached after completion of the negotiation process. Therefore, there has to be an assessment and recording of the progress reached during that session before any session is closed. This aids in offering a leeway for the negotiators to focus on other issues as they move towards conclusion of the process. Therefor e, the first step in closing a business negotiation session is to ensure that a recap of the issues that are negotiated during the session is done. This helps in the identification of the progress in terms of the agreements reached and the hitches encountered. Complete agreements have to be separated from pending contentious issues because agreements form part of the concluded sub-processes, while the contentious issues still form the subjects of negotiation in progressive sessions. This is followed by setting of the agenda for the proceeding sessions. The agenda for the proceeding session is set by giving priority to the pending issues. The pending issues denote underlying problems whose solutions must be sought by the parties. This paves way for the parties to progress to other issues set out by the mediator (Dutta Folden, 2012). Business negotiation in the international context Shi (2001) observed that business negotiations that involve parties from different business cultures a re quite complex because of variations in the attributes of business that are embraced by each party. Engaging in business negotiations that involve parties from outside the United States requires comprehension of the context within which international business negotiations take place. The first thing in such a situation is identification of variations between the business culture of the United States and the business culture from which the non-United States’ party comes from. Each country has set a culture that defines the accepted codes of behavior that ought to be adhered to by firms engaging in business practices and deals. Therefore, it is important to hire a mediator who has a background of the business culture in which the parties are drawn from. This can aid in setting standards of negotiation that are acceptable to both parties, thereby avoiding an early stalemate that is common in such negotiations (Shi, 2001).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Cellich, C., Jain, S. C. (2012). Practical solutions to global business negotiations. New York, NY: Business Expert Press. Dutta, A., Folden, H. W. (2012). Winning strategies: Secrets to clinching multimillion-dollar deals. Singapore: John Wiley Sons, Asia. Lewicki, R. J., Hiam, A. (2006). Mastering business negotiation: a working guide to making deals and resolving conflict. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Shi, X. (2001). Antecedent factors of international business negotiations in the China context. MIR: Management International Review, 41(2), 163-187. This essay on Negotiation Session was written and submitted by user Laura Oconnor to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.